ATI TEAS Reading Study Guide
ATI TEAS Reading Study Guide
Logical Inferences (logically be inferred) and Conclusion
• Look for clues
• Read
... [Show More] between the lines
• Never pick “all of the above” or “both of the above”
• Must be supported by the text
• Conclusion made based on the logic presented
• An inference is a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
• When you’re reading, it’s helpful to look for patterns or relationships in the text that might shed greater light on the subject
Implications
• Author doesn’t state directly but the reader can assume based off info
Identify the topic, main idea, and supporting details: Who/what the paragraph is about?
• Topic
o Topic is the subject of text
o First sentence of each paragraph until you find the correct one
o Look at the answers and see which sentence appears in the paragraph
• Main idea
o Important point by author
o Thesis statement-last sentence of the first paragraph
• Supporting details
o Provides evidence and backing for the main point
o Same paragraph as the topic sentence
• Summary
o First sentence of the last paragraph
o Appears at the end of a paragraph, chapter, section, document
Follow a given set of directions
• Complete each step before moving to the next
• Find key terms that signify order
Printed Communications
• Memo
o Written by and for members of the same organization
o Official documents
o Organized with numbers, bullet points, makes it easier to identify key ideas
• Posted Announcement
o Flyers, notices
o Need to have all information to act on message
• Classified Advertisement
o Ads in newspapers, circulars, online
o Begins with what is being sold or sought
o Can contain abbreviations, price, and contact information
• Scale reading
o Reading standard measurement instruments
• Legend or Key of a map
• Events of sequence
o Order in which things happen
Facts and Opinion
• Facts
o Facts do not contain any opinions
o Passages with numbers are almost always a fact
o Doesn’t reveal author’s feelings
o Information can be proven or verified are facts
• Opinion
o Indicates words like believe, think, or feel
o Not true or false
o One person’s viewpoint
o Words that can indicate opinions: should, best, seems, most, good, better, worst
Biases and Stereotypes
• Biases
o Someone’s personal opinion
o Unfair/inaccurate and the author ignores reasonable counterargument
o Opinion words: should, best, good, seems, etc
• Stereotypes
o Opinion of some people towards race, gender, other certain groups of people
o Opinion words: should, best, good, seems, etc
o Look to see if the passage refers to/labels a group of people
o Passing judgement
Text in various formats
• Persuasive/Argumentative
o Author convinces reader to believe something about a topic
o Must be able to portray strong opinion words: in the first place, without a doubt, unquestionably, from my point of view, should, good, best, seeing, most
• Problem/Solution
o Problem presented followed by a solution, challenges reader to take action
• Expository
o If you see numbers, most of the time it means expository
o Factual, the author informs, explains, or tells how to
o Historical passages are expository
o Textbook, all factual
• Cause/Effect
o Cause (since, because, due too…) and effect (consequently, therefore…)
• Compare/contrast
o Compare is to find similarities (both, same, too, like, as well…)
o Contrast is to identify differences (but, however, yet, instead)
• Procedure
o First, next, then, last, in closing…
• Descriptive
o Focuses on particular subject and attempts to depict subject to be clear to readers
• Narrative
o Personal story, passages with pronouns mostly likely narrative
o Fiction, dialogs, people talking, quotation marks, conversation
o Purpose is to entertain, inform, and challenge
• Technical
o Describes complex objects or process
• Denotation
o Nonfiction, literal meaning of word (dictionary def)
Interpret the meaning of words and phrases using context
• Distinguish between connotation, denotation, and figurative language
• Denotation
o Nonfiction, literal meaning of word (dictionary def)
• Connotation
o Beyond denotation by including emotional reaction, the implied meaning of a word or idea
• Figurative
o Figure of speech
• Simile
o Comparison between two unlike things by using “like or as”
• Metaphor
o Comparison between unlike things without using like or as
• Personification
o Giving human attributes to something nonhuman
Mood vs. Tone
• Mood
o How passage makes you feel
• Tone
o How the passage makes author feel
Determine the denotative meaning of words
• Identify the correct definition of a word and a source to find vocabulary definitions
Evaluate the author’s purpose in a given text
• Ask yourself whether the author is trying to persuade, inform, or entertain
• Narrative
o Often serve to entertain an audience
• Informational
o Used to inform readers about a specific topic
• Persuasive
o Advertisements, newspapers, made to persuade
• Author Purpose
o The writer’s purpose with passage
o Easy as PIE
o “P” stands for “persuade”-advertisements use to persuade to make a purchase
o “I” stands for “inform”-newspapers
o “E” stands for “Entertain”-written to please the reader (novels, short stories, and poems)
Author’s point of view in a given text
• Headings and Subheadings
o Printed in larger and bolder fonts
• Footnotes and Endnotes
o Footnotes are at the bottom of the page
o Endnotes are like footnotes but its at the end of the paragraphs, chapters, documents
• Bold Text and Underline
o Bold is often because the author wants to emphasize the point, importance, key terms,
o Underlining serves a similar purpose, used to suggest emphasis, used titles of books, magazines, art
• Italics
o Important word, phrase and sentences in a text
• Index
o At the end of book
o Find information about specific topics
• Table of Contents
o List of different subjects or chapter titles with a page number
Primary sources in various media
• Primary sources
o Documentary evidence closest to the subject being studied
• Internet sources
Making Predictions and Drawing Conclusion
• Predictions
o Guessing about what is going to happen next
• Foreshadowing
o Author hinting about what is going to happen next
• Drawing conclusions
o Information they have read
Themes in print and other sources
• Theme
o An issue, idea, or a question raised by the text
o Supposed to be an oversimplification of the story’s meaning
o Main topic or central idea
• Similar themes across cultures
o Writers from different cultures address similar themes
• Difference in addressing themes in various cultures and genres
o Similar themes but done in different ways
Evaluating an argument
• Argument or persuasive
o Passage should be a calm and reasonable presentation of an author’s idea for others to consider
• Evidence
o Refers to information that supports a main point, minor point and conclusion [Show Less]