ATI TEAS 7 English Language Study Guide 1 (Latest 2023)
Spelling:
Homograph - Word spelled the same but that have different meanings (bat, bow)
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Homophone - Words pronounced the same but that have different meanings
Punctuation
Colon - Used in introduction of a quote or list, ratio, and time.
Comma- before “and” in a simple series of items (commas, colons, and...)
Sentence structures
Adverb - Word or phrase that describes or modifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb
Article - Words (a and an) that refer to nouns
Complement - Sentence part that gives more information about a subject or object
Conjunction - A connecting word
Dependent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence
Independent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and predicate and can stand alone as a complement sentence
Indirect Object - The person or thing to whom or which something is done
Interjection - Words or phrases that represent short bursts of emotion
Modifier - A word or group of words that provides description for another word
Object - A word or group of words that receives the action of a verb
Predicate - The part of a sentence that explains what the subject does or is like
Preposition - A word that describes relationships between other words
Pronoun - A word that takes the place of a noun
Subject - The main noun of a sentence that is doing or being
Compound-Complex Sentence - Sentence that includes two independent and one dependent clause
Example: “The cute, furry dog wagged its tail with joy.”
Simple subject - dog Article and modifiers - the cute, furry dog Simple predicate - wagged Complete predicate and direct object - its tail Prepositional modifier - with joy
Grammar
Diction - The style of writing determined by word choice • Fragment - An incomplete sentence
Perfective - A verb for an object that has been completed
Prescriptive grammar - Specific rules for using language and grammar
Progressive - A verb that shows something is currently happening
Tense - Past, present, and future times
Transition word - Words that link or introduce ideas
Subject-verb agreement - Matching like numbers of subjects and verbs:
singular with singular, plural with plural
Pronoun-Antecedent agreement - Matching like numbers of pronouns and their antecedents: singular with singular, plural with plural.
Colloquialism - An informal word or phrase
First person – Uses the subject pronoun “I”
Second person - A narrative mode that addresses the reader as “you”
Third person – Uses the subject pronoun “He, She and They”
Primary source – first-hand account of the event that was created at about the time the event was occurred.
Secondary source – created by a person who did not witness the event.
• Bibliophile – book lover
Alter – to change
Altar – place of sacrifice
Clichés – overused expressions
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Analyzed Word Parts
Affix - Letters placed at the beginning or end of a word or word part to change its meaning
Derivation - Determining the origin of a word
Inflection - Details of how a word is expressed to modify its tone or meaning
Morpheme - The smallest meaningful unit in grammar
Prefix - An affix that appears at the beginning of the word
Root - A word to which an affix can be attached
Suffix - An affix that appears at the end of a word
Reading
Key Ideas and Details
Summarize a complex text: What am I reading about? What is important to know about text? • Summarize - Define main idea, highlight most important supporting details and arguments, contains same message as original text
Paraphrase - Rephrasing, “translates”, into own words including details [Show Less]