What class of medication is amitriptyline and why is this medication used as an adjuvant medication for pain?
• Therapeutic class: Antidepressant
• P
... [Show More] harmacological class: Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA)
• Used as an adjuvant med for pain because it treats chronic pain syndromes, such as neuropathic pain, by potentiating both serotonin and norepinephrine in the CNS.
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed the inhaled glucocorticoid beclomethasone (QVAR) for the treatment of asthma. What is a potential adverse effect of this medication and what are two (2) teaching points to discuss to address these adverse effects?
• (Class: Glucocorticoids)
• Adverse effects include difficulty speaking hoarseness, and candidiasis
• Teaching points:
o Rinse mouth/gargle with water/salt waster after use to prevent candidiasis
o Notify provider if redness, sores, or white patches appear in mucous membrane
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a client. What are three (3) contraindications/precautions for this medication?
• (Class: Aminoglycosides Antibiotics)
• Contraindicated who have a hypersensitivity to gentamicin or other aminoglycosides antibiotics
• Use cautiously when patient has
o Kidney impairment
o Pre-existing hearing loss
o Myasthenia gravis
A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client who develops infusion reaction (red man syndrome). What action by the nurse could have prevented this reaction?
• (Class: Antibiotics)
• Prevention of red man syndrome (i.e. SxS: rash, flushing, tachycardia, hypotension) is to administer vancomycin slowly over 60 min
• Also monitor for peak & trough levels
A client has been prescribed niacin. What is this medication used for and what are three (3) adverse effects of this medication?
• (Class: Lipid Lowering Agent)
• Therapeutic use:
o Decrease LDL cholesterol & triglyceride levels
o Also used an adjuvant in certain hyperlipidemias
• Adverse effects include
o GI distress
o Facial flushing (Feeling of warmth, tingling of hands & feet),
Hyperglycemia
o Hepatotoxicity
o Hyperuricemia
A client has been prescribed intranasal calcitonin (Miacalcin) for the treatment of osteoporosis. What client education should be provided by the nurse to prevent nasal dryness and irritation?
• (Class: Hypocalcemic Hormone)-CALCITONIN SALMON-Manmade hormone that occurs naturally in the thyroid gland used to treat Paget’s disease of the bone ,postmenopausal osteoporosis an hypercalcemia
• Prevention of nasal dryness & irritation includes:
o Alternate nostrils daily
o Inspect nasal mucosa periodically for ulcerations
o Use the medication at the lowest effective dosage for the shortest duration possible.
A client has been prescribed leuprolide (Lupron) for the treatment of prostate cancer. What are three (3) potential adverse effects of leuprolide and nursing interventions/client education related to these effects?
• (Class: Antineoplastic)-works by lowering the amount of testosterone in the body. This helps slow growth of cancer cells.
• Adverse effects
o Hot flashes
o Depression
o fatigue
o Decreased bone density
o Arrhythmias & Pulmonary edema
o LONG TERM EFFECTS;Bone density loss,memory loss,joint pain,weight gain,acne and headache.
• Nursing interventions related to adverse effects
o Advise patient may cause hot flashes
o Advise patient to increase intake of calcium & vitamin D. Also advise to increase bone mass with weight-bearing exercises
o Notify provider & seek immediate emergency services if shortness of breath occurs
A client with diabetes mellitus whose blood glucose levels are well controlled with current oral therapy asks the nurse when he may require insulin. What information should the nurse provide?
• Advise patient there is no need for patient to require insulin at this time
• Educate patient to take oral therapy at appropriate time, follow appropriate dietary guidelines, and maintain log of glucose levels & patterns that affect glucose levels
A client receiving methyldopa (Aldomet) for blood pressure control. List three
(3) adverse effects of this medication.
• (Classification: Centrally Acting Alpha2 Agonist)
• Adverse effects
o Drowsiness/sedation
o Dry mouth
o Rebound hypertension if discontinued abruptly
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