Acid-Base balance QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Respiratory acidosis Correct Answer: pH low, PaCO2 high, K+ high.
compensated by HCO3 high to
... [Show More] bring pH to normal
Metabolic acidosis Correct Answer: pH low, HCO3 low, K+ high
compensated by PaCO2 low
Respiratory alkalosis Correct Answer: pH high, PaCO2 low, K+ low.
compensated by HCO3 low to bring pH to normal
Metabolic alkalosis Correct Answer: pH high, HCO3 high, K+ low
compensated by PaCO2 high
Buffer system Correct Answer: CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 = H(+) + HCO3
What causes
Metabolic alkalosis? Correct Answer: loss of hydrogen ions or acids or
an excess of base bicarbonate
For example:
-hypovolemia,
-the loss of gastric fluid via NG suction or vomitting,
-excessive bicarbonate intake,
-massive transfusion of whole blood,
-hyperaldosteronism.
The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following: pH 7.45, Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and HCO3- of 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L). The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition? Correct Answer: Respiratory alkalosis, compensated
The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client for manifestations of which disorder that the client is at risk for? Correct Answer: Metabolic alkalosis
A client with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting presents to the emergency department. The client is hypoventilating and has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/minute. The electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor displays tachycardia, with a heart rate of 120 beats/minute. Arterial blood gases are drawn and the nurse reviews the results, expecting to note which finding? Correct Answer: An increased pH and an increased HCO3-
because Nausea & vomiting will cause H+ loss = increased pH.
It's Metabolic alkalosis = increased HCO3-
The nurse is caring for a client having respiratory distress related to an anxiety attack. Recent arterial blood gas values are pH = 7.53, Pao2 = 72 mm Hg (72 mm Hg), Paco2 = 32 mmHg (32 mm Hg), and HCO3- = 28 mEq/L (28 mmol/L). Which conclusion about the client should the nurse make? Correct Answer: The client is probably hyperventilating. [Show Less]