Phonics - >>>>> relationship between letters and sounds. Code based instruction.
Phonemic Awareness - >>>>> awareness of individual speech sounds (consona... [Show More] nts and vowels)
in spoken syllables and the ability to consciously manipulate those sounds.
Alphabetic Writing is less than ___________ years old. - >>>>> 5,000
90% of all spoken languages have no - >>>>> written form, let alone an alphabet that represents
the separate sounds of speech.
Syllable - >>>>> the unit of pronunciation that is organized around a vowel; it may or may not
have a consonant after the vowel.
Egyptians invented the first alphabet in - >>>>> 2,000 BCE
Phoenician alphabet was developed in _________ and was the granfather of our alphabet 19 of
26 letters can be traced. - >>>>> 1,000 BCE
Modern American English spelling was settled in 1828 with - >>>>> Webster's Dictionary
Orthograpy - >>>>> a writing system for representing language
Morphonphonemic - >>>>> alphabetic writing principle organized by both sound-symbol
correspondences and morphology.
Morpheme - >>>>> the smallest meaningful unit of language; it may be a word or a part of
word; it may be a single sound, one syllable or multiple syllables
To read an alphabetic alphabet a person must - >>>>> mentally link the alphabetic symbols with
the single speech sounds or phonemes that they represent.
All alphabets require - >>>>> speech sound (phoneme) awareness by the reader.
Shallow or Transparent Alphabetic Orthography - >>>>> correspondences in the alphabetic
writing system are regular and predictable. One sound represented by one symbol or letter.
Deep or Opague Alphabetic Orthography - >>>>> the spelling system represens morphemes
(meaningful parts) as well as speech sounds. Morphophonemic contains both phonemes and
morphemes.
Advantages of Alphabetic Writing - >>>>> permits any word to be read or written in a language
with a small set of symbols. A limited number of symbols can be combined to create the entire
language, even new words. Language can be written and read by anyone who can match the
symbols to the sounds they represent.
Disadvantages of Alphabetic Writing - >>>>> People are wired to process speech sounds. The
phoneme -that sound that a letter represents - is not self evident, natural, or consciously
accessible understanding for humans.
Metalinguistic Awareness - >>>>> the ability think about and reflect on the structure of
language itself. The invention of the alphabet was an achievement.
The Simple View of Reading - >>>>> Word Recognition x Language Comprehension = Reading
Comprehension
Word Recognition - >>>>> The accurate and fast retrieval of decoded word forms, is essential
for the development of reading comprehension.
Language comprehension - >>>>> listening comprehension or the linguistic processes involved
in the comprehension of oral language.
Decoding - >>>>> the ability to translate a word from print to speech, usually by employing
knowledge of sound-symbol correspondences.
LETRS Unit 1 Session 2
______________ is the act of translating print into meaning. - >>>> Reading
________________ is the written or spoken communication "or the exchange of information and
ideas, usually longer than a sentence, between individuals or between the writer and the reader. -
>>>> Discourse
Learning two languages simultaneously, the brain establishes a separate
_____________________ for each language. - >>>> neural system
The ______________ of typical reading begins around age five and continues for about six years
until full reading fluency is achieved. - >>>> progression
_________________ comprehension may exceed reading comprehension. The reverse is not
true. - >>>> Listening
Tests of phonemic awareness, phonics, word recognition, and spelling are more important for
locating students at risk for reading problems in the ____________ ____________. - >>>>
primary grades
Phonology - >>>> phonemes or speech sounds of language
Orthography - >>>> writing system that represents language
Morphology - >>>> study of meaningful units in words
Semantics - >>>> the study of word and phrase meaning
Syntax - >>>> rules governing words in sentence
Discourse - >>>> conventions used to organize spoken/written language
Pragmatics - >>>> rules using language, gestures, social context
discourse - >>>> written or spoken communication or the exchange of information or ideas
Academic Language - >>>> Written or spoken language that is more stylistically formal than
spoken conversational language
Phonology - >>>> The rule system within a language by which phonemes can be sequences,
combined, and pronounced to make words
orthography - >>>> A writing system for representing language.
Morphology - >>>> The study of meaningful units in a language and how the units are combined
in word formation
Semantics - >>>> The study of word and phrase meanings and relationships
Syntax - >>>> The system of rules governing permissible word order in sentences
Pragmatics - >>>> The system of rules and conventions for using language and related gestures
in a social context
Semantics - >>>>The study of word and phrase meanings and relationships
Morphology - >>>>The study of meaningful units in a language and how the units are combined
in word formation
Discourse - >>>>Organizational conventions used in longer segments of oral or written language
Phonology - >>>>The rule system within a language by which phonemes can be sequenced,
combined, and pronounced to make words
Syntax - >>>>The system of rules governing permissible word order in sentences
Orthography - >>>>A writing system for representing language and the rules that govern it
Pragmatics - >>>>The system of rules and conventions for using language and related gestures
in a social context
Example of Phonology - >>>>No English word begins with the sound /ng/; the sound /p/ and /k/
are never adjacent in the same syllable. [Show Less]
