Diabetes Mellitus Packet
Signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus - answer--Polyuria ,Polydipsia, Polyphagia
Signs and symptoms assiciated with HYPERg... [Show More] lycemia - answer--wt loss, polyuria, keytonuria, weakness and fatigue, blurred vision, headache, glycosuria, nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, puritis (itching)
Signs and symptoms assiciated with HYPOglycemia - answer--shakiness, tremor, irritability, sweating, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, hunger, slurred speech, tachycardia, and kind of paresthesia (numbness)
Diabetes Mellitis - answer--chronic multisystem disease r/t abnormal insulin production, impaired insulin production, or both
Type 1 Diabetes - answer--insulin dependent, auto-immune disorder in which beta cells distraction (younger kids)
Type 2 Diabetes - answer--non-insulin dependent, impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistant, (35 and older)
Insulin Resistance - answer--Endogenis insulin present, not enough for tissue needs
Insulin - answer--Produced by pancreatic beta cells to produce energy, decreases blood glucose to stable
Counterregulatory (Stress) Hormones - answer--glucagon, epinepherine, growth hormone, cortisol, work against actions of insulin. increase BS and decresase HYPOglycemia
Oral hypoglycemic agents - answer--do NOT use in type 1 diabetes, USE in type 2
Normal Lab Values - answer--FBG- <100mg/dL OGTT- <140 mg/dL
Treatment of type 1 Diabetes - answer--Exercise, Monitor for signs of HYPERglycemia, Insulin will be required every day, Blood glucose testing, Monitor for signs of HYPOglycemia
When is the best time to administer the AM insulin? - answer--30 min- 1 hr before breakfast, and check blood sugar level
If I forget the PM dose of insulin, can I double the dose in the morning? - answer--No, and check your blood sugar level
What should I do if I get shaky and dizzy? - answer--Always carry oral glucose tablets, check blood sugar level, drink apple or grape juice, and know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
How do I prepare for a hypoglycemic reaction? - answer--Know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, Always carry oral glucose tablets, and drink apple or grape juice
A client is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. In teaching the client about diabetes mellitus type 1, it is most important for the client to: - answer--Understand that insulin injections will be required daily.
The nurse learns in morning report that the 0700 fasting blood glucose of a client was 74 mg/dL. Which of the following morning assessment findings is of priority? - answer--Diaphoresis noted while taking vital signs
The nurse is assigned to a client who has just been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. Which of the following assessment findings is most consistent with this diagnosis? - answer--Frequent urination, Hungar, and Excessive fluid intake
Causes that precipitate HYPOglycemic reactions - answer--Not eating, taking meds at the wrong time, emotional stress and too much physical activity, too much insulin, alcoholic intake w/o food, decrease in wt w/o change in meds
Causes that precipitate diabetic keytoacidosis - answer--profound deficiency of insulin, illness (infection), neglect/poor self management, undiagnosed type 1 (check keytones >240-300)
Indicate the sequence of the nursing care that should be delivered by the nurse: - answer--1. Perform a fingerstick blood glucose 2. Administer morning insulin 3. take the AM vitals 4. Perform a body systems assessment 5. perform morning care 6. assist with breakfast 7. provide information regarding the complications of diabetes
What is true regarding the use of a sliding scale? - answer--1. Only regular insulin is used 2. Dosage is based on before meal blood glucose levels 3. May be combined with other insulins 4. Used for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and diabetes mellitus type 2. 5. used during periods of illness (look at sick day rules**)
The nurse notes that the assigned cloent has an AV fistula on the right arm and is scheduled for hemodialysis this morning. In deligating the care of this client, it is most important for the nurse to: - answer--Instruct that the blood pressure be taken on the left arm.
The nurse is admitting a client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The client has left-sided hemiparesis from a previous cerebral vascular accident. The client's admitting [Show Less]
