PSYC101 / PSYC 101 Module 9 – General
Psychology (Latest 2026/2027 Update) |
Verified Questions & Correct Answers |
Grade A | Portage Learning
2026
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/ 2027 Academic Year
Q: When we use the term "remembering" in day-to-day life, we are making reference to the
memory process of:
a. retrieval.
b. storage.
c. rehearsal.
d. encoding
a. retrieval.
Q: If new experiences disrupt recall of old experiences, this is referred to as:
retroactive interference
retrieval failure
cue overload
proactive interference
retroactive interference
Q: Estelle has fond memories for the night her husband proposed to her. This memory
probably involves not only her hippocampus but also her:
a. cerebellum
b. amygdala
c. hypothalamus
d. thalamus
b. amygdala
Q: When you tell your roommate about what happened on the way to class, that
information is retrieved from _____ memory.
a. episodic
b. sensory
c. working
d. semantic
a. episodic
Q: Conrad took a unit quiz for his psychology class, but he only took it once, although he
could take it multiple times. As a result he didn't see all the questions that were available in
the quiz-bank. When he eventually studied for that unit exam, he only studied the
information that was on the quiz that he had taken earlier. As a result he missed a number
of questions. This phenomena is called:
testing effect
cue overload
retrieval inhibition
implicit knowledge
retrieval inhibition
Q: Vera and Xavier are both eyewitnesses to a robbery at a convenience store. The police
ask them to come to the station to get their versions of the event. According to research,
what would be most likely to decrease the accuracy of Vera and Xavier's recounting of the
crime?
a. Vera and Xavier are offered a bottle of water or coffee while they are being questioned.
b. Vera and Xavier are questioned by the detectives separately.
c. Vera and Xavier are left in the witness room alone together for 20 minutes and they
discuss what they saw.
d. The police ask Vera and Xavier to describe the "facial features" of the person who
committed the crime.
c.
Vera and Xavier are left in the witness room alone together for 20 minutes and they discuss
what they saw.
Q: Your _____ memory helps you recall what happened to you during your first day of
college.
a. autobiographical
b. semantic
c. flashbulb
d. implicit
a. autobiographical
Q: Some people have amazing and elaborate memory processes that allow them to
remember a large amount of information in a short amount of time. Often, these
individuals are said to use ______, or elaborate scenes with discrete places, to help them
encode and recall information at a rapid rate.
the specificity principle
peg words
retroactive cues
memory palaces
memory palaces
Q: Ilana is trying to remember a set of dates for her history class. While she practices the
dates, she makes up rhymes and stories to go with them. This method of improving her
memory by adding to the information she is trying to remember while practicing it is called
a. elaborative rehearsal
b. constructive processing
c. associational networking
d. rote repetition
a. elaborative rehearsal
Q: "What's your ID number?" the associate asks over the phone. "Seven, six, four . . ." you
begin. After a brief pause, you continue, "seventy-two . . . sixteen thirty-eight." To ease the
burden on the associate's short-term memory, you are giving the number in ______ rather
than as individual digits.
a.
clusters
b.
clumps
c.
nuggets
d.
chunks
d.
chunks
Q: In a study, researchers asked one group of participants to watch a video about two
friends in an unpleasant argument. They asked another group of participants to watch the
same video, but told participants that it was a video of two friends enjoying a lively
discussion. Afterwards, the researchers notice that participants who were told the
discussion was an argument were more likely to falsely report that the people in the video
were yelling, frowning, and getting angry. This is an example of:
a.
misinformation effect
b.
cue overload
c.
source amnesia
d.
misattribution effect
a.
misinformation effect
Q: Which of the following students should retrieve information more successfully on
classroom exams based on studies of recoding strategies?
Irene, who attempts to relate her notes to information she already knows.
Grant, who repeats his notes to himself, trying to memorize them.
Grant and Irene should retrieve information equally well on exams.
Susan, who highlights important information in her notes and the text.
Irene, who attempts to relate her notes to information she already knows.
Q: Levi met a cute girl walking from class. The girl gave him her number and he is trying
to remember the digits until he can write it down. Levi is using what type of memory to
remember the girl's phone number?
collective
semantic
episodic
working memory
working memory
Q: Your drive to class each day is fairly standard - you start your car, take the same route,
and park in the same spot (or close to the same spot). One day, while sitting at a red light,
you witness a car chase - cops and even a helicopter. Years later, you can recall details from
that drive. Which memory concept is associated with why you will remember that particular
drive to class?
distinctiveness
misinformation effect
retroactive interference
constructive processing
distinctiveness
Q: Research on flashbulb memories indicates that
a. the details of these memories are very accurate.
b. the details of these memories are not very accurate.
c. the details of these memories are difficult to retrieve.
d. flashbulb memories are difficult to study scientifically.
b. the details of these memories are not very accurate.
Q: The testing effect refers to:
repeated self-testing as a way to enhance retention of information.
the emotional letdown people often experience after taking a test.
losing the majority of the information you learned for the test immediately after the test.
writing a test in the same state that you studied the material should enhance retention.
repeated self-testing as a way to enhance retention of information.
Q: If your episodic long-term memory were disabled, you would be unable to
a. remember details of your own personal life.
b. maintain information in short-term memory via rehearsal.
c. speak, but you could still comprehend language through listening.
d. recall simple facts such as names of presidents.
a. remember details of your own personal life.
Q: When trying to remember a list of words, a person may choose a word to which they
"hang" their memories on. This type of mnemonic device is called the _____ technique.
mnemonic word
peg word
retrieval language
word aid
peg word
Q: The encoding specificity principle is a hypothesis that states:
a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue overlaps
or matches information in the memory trace.
a retrieval cue will NOT be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue
overlaps or matches information in the memory trace.
a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information retrieved from the cue is
distinct or does not match information in memory.
a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue is
distinct or does not match information in the memory trace.
a retrieval cue will be effective to the extent that information encoded from the cue overlaps
or matches information in the memory trace.
Your _____ memory helps you recall what happened to you during your first day of
college.
a. autobiographical
b. flashbulb
c. implicit
d. semantic
a. autobiographical
Thinking about the meaning of the information to be reviewed and trying to form
associations with information already in memory is called _____.
a. echoic memory
b. elaborative rehearsal
c. constructive processing
d. rote repetition
b. elaborative rehearsal
What do clinical psychologists study?
Mental disorders and the treatment of mental disorders.
How do clinical psychologists differ from psychiatrists?
Psychiatrists have medical training and are more likely to operate from that theoretical
perspective. Clinical psychologists would also focus on a variety of psychological and social
causes and treatments other than just biological.
What is the basic problem in depressive disorders?
Depressed mood.
How long must someone experience a depressed mood before being diagnosed with with
major depressive disorder?
Two weeks.
What are the two "poles" of bipolar disorder?
Mania and Depression
What is panic disorder?
Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks.
What is the gender difference in depression rates? Using the bio-psycho-social model,
describe some of the reasons for the gender difference in depression rates.
Gender difference: women are twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression as men.
Reasons: Bio: hormonal differences; psychological: rumination; social: differences in levels
of stress
What is the difference between mania and hypomania?
Mania will be indicated by high energy, racing thoughts, and potentially psychosis.
Hypomania is less extreme and does not have false sensations / ideas.
Define phobia.
Persistent, irrational fear
How can clinicians distinguish between the normal fears people have about performance
situations and social anxiety?
The biggest marker of any disorders is the level to which it interferes with life functioning.
Social anxiety that holds individuals back from performing their jobs or having meaningful
relationships may be problematic and may require treatment to overcome. Also, individuals
who are very isolated and have co-occurring depression may be at risk for additional, severe
problems such as suicide attempts. A final difference is that while many people are afraid of
public speaking, people with social anxiety experience high distress and physical symptoms
in response to everyday life events such as paying for groceries, ordering food at a
restaurant, greeting others, and talking to anyone in authority.
What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions?
Obsessions are repetitive unwanted thoughts, whereas compulsion are repetitive unwanted
behaviors that someone does in response to the thoughts.
What do the "related disorders" in the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Related
Disorders category have in common?
Essentially, they all involve compulsive behaviors. Many of them also include obsessive
thoughts that are tied to the compulsive behaviors.
Describe dissociative identity disorder.
In DID, various personalities take turns holding the person's consciousness, or awareness.
Some personalities may be aware of one another, but others may not be.
What is one explanation of what DID exactly is?
Some possibilities: a fractured ego that is trying too hard to keep unwanted thoughts from
becoming conscious, the individual is acting out learned behaviors, or the individual is a
fraud.
What is a trauma?
A frightening event that you experience or witness.
What are the symptoms of PTSD?
PTSD symptoms fall under four clusters: Re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance of
reminders of the event, negatively changed mood and cognitions as a result of the event,
and hyperarousal symptoms.
What are some factors that may make someone more likely to develop PTSD?
Risk factors include prior childhood trauma, family history of PTSD, personal history of
abuse, history of depression and anxiety, lack of support
What is schizophrena? What are typical categories of symptoms?
Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder involving distortions in thoughts, perceptions, or
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