Final Exam: NSG 316/ NSG316 (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Health Assessment | Review with Qs and As | 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers)- GCU
QUESTION
... [Show More] When are eosinophils present?
Answer:
Worms, wheezes, and weird diseases (parasites, allergies/hypersensitivities, and rare diseases)
QUESTION
What do macrophages do during inflammation?
Answer:
- Release tissue thromboplastin to facilitate hemostasis and promote fibroblast activity (make clots)
- Remove necrotic tissue in foreign pathogen material from the area of injury (debridement)
- Allow for repair and healing
QUESTION
What cells release histamine and what does this do?
Answer:
Mast cells and basophils
- Increase vascular permeability seen in inflammatory response
QUESTION
What are signs of sub clinical inflammation?
Answer:
Labs: Increased C-reactive protein, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or an antinuclear antibody with no symptoms
S/S: Body aches and pains (like fibromyalgia), frequent infections, diarrhea, dry eyes, SOB
QUESTION
Is increased age associated with increased or decreased levels of inflammatory molecules?
Answer:
Increased
QUESTION
What are some risk factors for chronic inflammatory response?
Answer:
- Age
- Obesity: fat tissue, secretes, inflammatory mediators
- Diet: poor diet, high in saturated fats are associated with higher production of pro-inflammatory molecules
- Smoking: Increased inflammation, plus reduced ability to recoup from inflammation
- Low sex hormones: Decreased testosterone and estrogen can increase the production and secretion of pro-inflammatory markers
- Stress and sleep: Physical and emotional stress is associated with inflammatory Seider can release. Irregular sleep schedules linked to chronic inflammation.
QUESTION
What organs and body systems are involved in inflammation?
Answer:
- Liver: releases a number of proteins that are important for clotting + liver is important for platelet production
- Bone marrow: produces WBCs & RBCs
- Cardiac system: increases circulation in response to infection or injury (usually as a response to elevated temperature)
- Respiratory system: respiratory rate usually increases generally in response to changes in temperature or if sepsis occurs
QUESTION
What are some reasons why older adults are more susceptible to impaired information and wound healing?
Answer:
- Diminished inflammatory responses
- Aging skin and lots of fat contributes to a loss of protection through skin
- Diminished collagen and atrophy of capillary beds can contribute to tissue hypoxia and slow wound healing
QUESTION
What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?
Answer:
redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function
QUESTION
What are the different types of exudate associated with inflammation?
Answer:
- Serous exudate: Clear or pale yellow, thin, and watery plasma. Found in mild to moderate inflammation. Regular part of healing. Small amounts are considered normal.
- Fibrinous exudate: Cloudy, creamy, or milky in color, thin or watery. Largely fibrinogen and fibrin. Generally occurs with infections or wounds that have vascular origin (carditis, strep throat).
- Purulent exudate: Thick, opaque, and tan, yellow, green, or brown in color. NEVER NORMAL and often associated with infection or high bacteria levels. High concentration of leukocytes and dead cell matter/inflammatory molecules.
- Hemorrhagic exudate: Usually red, thin [Show Less]
